Chrysoprase

Chrysoprase is a translucent apple-green to bluish-green variety of chalcedony, the microcrystalline form of quartz. Its colour comes from tiny amounts of nickel-bearing minerals, rather than the chromium that colours emerald or the iron in many other green stones. It is the most valuable variety of chalcedony, and the finest stones are an even, bright apple green.

The name comes from the Greek "chrysos", meaning gold, and "prasinon", meaning green. Chrysoprase has been used as a gem since ancient Greek and Roman times. In the 14th century, the important deposits in Silesia (now part of Poland) supplied stones for decorations in Prague, including the Wenceslas Chapel in St Vitus Cathedral. Frederick the Great of Prussia was especially fond of chrysoprase and used it in jewellery and in the decoration of his palace, Sanssouci.

Today most fine chrysoprase comes from Australia, particularly Queensland and Western Australia. Other sources include Tanzania, Brazil, Kazakhstan, Russia, Poland and the USA.

Chrysoprase can fade or become paler if left in strong sunlight or heat for long periods, but the colour may partly return if the stone is kept damp. Dyed green chalcedony and agate are often sold as imitations. "Lemon chrysoprase" is not chrysoprase at all, but a yellow-green magnesite.

Chrysoprase at a glance

Caring for chrysoprase

Chrysoprase is fairly hard (6 – 7 on the Mohs scale) and suitable for everyday jewellery. Clean it with warm soapy water and a soft brush or cloth. Avoid ultrasonic and steam cleaners, harsh chemicals and high heat. Keep it out of strong sunlight for long periods, as this can fade the colour. Store separately from harder stones to avoid scratches.

In folklore

The beliefs below are traditional folklore, included for interest. They are not scientifically proven, and nothing here is medical advice.

In ancient Greece and Rome, chrysoprase was used in seals, cameos and intaglios. Medieval legend held that it made the wearer invisible if held in the mouth, and that it gave thieves the ability to escape hanging. It was also believed to bring success in new ventures and to promote love of truth. Chrysoprase is the tenth foundation stone of the New Jerusalem described in the Book of Revelation. It is associated with the zodiac signs Taurus, Gemini and Libra.

Chrysoprase is traditionally regarded as a stone of joy, hope and optimism. Crystal healing lore holds that it lifts the mood, encourages forgiveness and compassion, and helps release fear and anxiety. It is also associated with renewal, growth and the heart. It is linked to the heart chakra.

Related stones

Chalcedony, agate, carnelian, onyx and chrome chalcedony. Stones that can look similar include jade (jadeite and nephrite), prehnite, green aventurine, variscite, amazonite and dyed green chalcedony. Lemon chrysoprase is actually magnesite.

For the technically minded

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